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NSA Publishes Safety Steering for Organizations Transitioning to IPv6

By Ionut Arghire on January 23, 2023

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The Nationwide Safety Company (NSA) has printed steering to assist the Division of Protection (DoD) and different system directors determine and mitigate cyber dangers related to transitioning to Web Protocol model 6 (IPv6).

Developed by the Web Engineering Job Pressure (IETF), IPv6 is the newest iteration of the protocol that’s used to determine and find techniques and route visitors throughout the web, providing technical advantages and safety enhancements over its predecessor, IPv4, together with a much wider deal with house.

The transition to IPv6, the NSA factors out, is anticipated to have the most important affect on community infrastructure, with all networked {hardware} and software program affected in come what may, and also will affect cybersecurity.

“IPv6 safety points are fairly much like these from IPv4. That’s, the safety strategies used with IPv4 ought to usually be utilized to IPv6 with diversifications as required to handle the variations with IPv6. Safety points related to an IPv6 implementation will usually floor in networks which are new to IPv6, or in early phases of the IPv6 transition,” the NSA’s IPv6 safety steering reads (PDF).

Based on the NSA, points that networks new to IPv6 are anticipated to come across embrace the dearth of mature configuration and community safety instruments and the dearth of administrator expertise in IPv6.

Whereas transitioning to the newer protocol model, federal and DoD networks are anticipated to function twin stack, by operating each IPv4 and IPv6 concurrently, which raises further safety considerations and will increase assault floor.

“The community structure and information of those that configure and handle an IPv6 implementation have a big effect on the general safety of the community. In consequence, the precise safety posture of an IPv6 implementation can fluctuate,” the NSA says.

The usage of stateless deal with auto-configuration (SLAAC), an computerized technique of assigning IPv6 addresses to hosts, the NSA says, raises privateness considerations as a result of the knowledge contained within the assigned deal with might be used to determine community gear and people utilizing it.

“NSA recommends assigning addresses to hosts through a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol model 6 (DHCPv6) server to mitigate the SLAAC privateness situation. Alternatively, this situation can be mitigated through the use of a randomly generated interface ID that adjustments over time, making it tough to correlate exercise whereas nonetheless permitting community defenders requisite visibility,” the company notes.

Moreover, the NSA recommends avoiding using tunnels to move packets, noting that tunneling will increase assault floor. “Configure perimeter safety gadgets to detect and block tunneling protocols which are used as transition strategies. As well as, disable tunneling protocols on all gadgets the place doable,” the company says.

For dual-stack networks, the NSA recommends deploying IPv6 cybersecurity mechanisms that correspond to these carried out for IPv4, corresponding to firewall guidelines, and blocking different transition mechanisms, corresponding to tunneling and translation.

As a result of a number of community addresses are generally assigned to the identical interface in IPv6, directors ought to evaluate filtering guidelines or entry management lists (ACLs) to make sure that solely visitors from licensed addresses is permitted, and also needs to log all visitors and evaluate logs often.

To higher shield and to enhance IPv6 safety on a community, the NSA additionally recommends making certain that community directors obtain correct coaching and training relating to IPv6 networks.

“Whereas there are convincing causes to transition from IPv4 to IPv6, safety shouldn’t be the principle motivation. Safety dangers exist in IPv6 and will likely be encountered, however they need to be mitigated with a mixture of stringently utilized configuration steering and coaching for system homeowners and directors in the course of the transition,” the NSA notes.

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