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Microsoft Patches MotW Zero-Day Exploited for Malware Supply

By Eduard Kovacs on November 09, 2022

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Microsoft’s newest Patch Tuesday updates deal with six zero-day vulnerabilities, together with one associated to the Mark-of-the-Net (MotW) safety function that has been exploited by cybercriminals to ship malware.

Home windows provides the MotW to information coming from untrusted places, together with browser downloads and electronic mail attachments. When making an attempt to open information with the MotW, customers are warned concerning the potential dangers or, within the case of Workplace, macros are blocked to stop malicious code execution.

Nonetheless, there are methods to bypass MotW defenses. Researcher Will Dormann has recognized three completely different MotW bypass strategies and knowledgeable Microsoft about them over the summer time, however patches have been solely rolled out now, and just for two of the vulnerabilities. The strategies work in opposition to all or most variations of Home windows.

One of many strategies entails delivering the malicious file inside a ZIP archive. If the malicious file is extracted, it would have the MotW and the person will get a warning. Nonetheless, if the file is executed straight from throughout the archive, Home windows runs it with none warning. This difficulty is tracked as CVE-2022-41049 and it has been patched by Microsoft with its November Patch Tuesday updates.

One other MotW bypass technique entails making the malicious file ‘learn solely’ and inserting it inside a ZIP archive. When the file is extracted, Home windows makes an attempt to set the MotW, however fails, which implies the file will likely be executed by Home windows with none warning.

This vulnerability is tracked as CVE-2022-41091 and it has been mounted by Microsoft on Tuesday. That is the strategy that Microsoft has confirmed as being exploited within the wild.

“An attacker can craft a malicious file that will evade MotW defenses, leading to a restricted lack of integrity and availability of security measures similar to Protected View in Microsoft Workplace, which depend on MotW tagging,” Microsoft stated in its advisory, noting that exploitation of the vulnerability requires person interplay.

HP safety researchers not too long ago analyzed a Magniber ransomware marketing campaign that had used the approach to ship the malware.

Wealthy Warren of the NCC Group, who has additionally been trying into this difficulty, has additionally seen some assaults, saying in mid-October that he had seen malicious samples going again a minimum of 10 months. Warren has additionally made obtainable some Yara guidelines to assist detect ZIP information that try to take advantage of the vulnerability. 

After patches have been launched, Microsoft’s Invoice Demirkapi clarified that the corporate has been engaged on patching the actively exploited vulnerability since July. The corporate discovered concerning the difficulty from a number of researchers.

“That is solely the start — modifications take time,” Demirkapi defined. “There are nonetheless variants and different MotW points that we not too long ago grew to become conscious of. Though MotW bypasses don’t sometimes meet MSRC’s bar for servicing, we are able to make exceptions for points which are exploited in-the-wild.”

The MotW bypass vulnerability that continues to be unpatched is expounded to deprave Authenticode. If a file has a malformed Authenticode signature, the warning dialog shouldn’t be displayed.

Cybersecurity agency proofpoint reporter in July that risk actors had been bypassing MotW by delivering Workplace paperwork inside container file codecs similar to IMG, ISO, RAR and ZIP. 

Associated: Microsoft Patches 128 Home windows Flaws, New Zero-Day Reported by NSA

Associated: Microsoft Patches Vulnerability Permitting Full Entry to Azure Service Material Clusters

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