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Microsoft: Attackers More and more Utilizing IIS Extensions as Server Backdoors

By Ionut Arghire on July 28, 2022

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Microsoft has warned of a rise in malicious Web Data Providers (IIS) extensions used as backdoors on Trade servers.

Whereas not as generally utilized in assaults in opposition to servers as internet shells, IIS extensions present a sturdy persistence mechanism, as they cover deep in goal environments, Microsoft notes.

IIS extensions even have a comparatively low detection fee in comparison with internet shells, and are harder to detect as a result of they carefully resemble and behave like reliable modules: they’re deployed in the identical directories and have the identical code construction.

“Generally, the precise backdoor logic is minimal and can’t be thought of malicious and not using a broader understanding of how reliable IIS extensions work, which additionally makes it troublesome to find out the supply of an infection,” Microsoft explains.

Attackers sometimes exploit a crucial vulnerability within the hosted software for preliminary entry, after which deploy an internet shell. Later, they set up an IIS backdoor for persistent entry to the server.

After being registered with the goal software, the backdoor would monitor incoming and outgoing requests, whereas additionally offering help for working distant instructions and background credential dumping.

“We count on attackers to proceed to more and more leverage IIS backdoors,” Microsoft notes.

Between January and Could 2022, menace actors concentrating on Trade servers had been seen utilizing an IIS backdoor in coordination with different customized IIS modules, the tech big says.

Following preliminary entry, the attackers would carry out operations corresponding to reconnaissance, credential dumping, and establishing a distant entry channel.

Subsequent, they had been seen putting in a customized IIS backdoor that would carry out Trade administration operations, together with enumerating mailboxes and exporting them for exfiltration.

The attackers had been utilizing the command line connection software plink.exe for distant entry and the open supply undertaking PowerShDLL for distant command execution, and enabled WDigest registry settings to drive the retaining of plaintext passwords in reminiscence.

Over the previous yr, Microsoft has noticed a minimum of 4 kinds of IIS backdoors, together with IIS module-based variations of internet shells, open supply tasks, IIS handlers, and credential stealers – modules that monitor for sign-in patterns in community visitors and dump credentials in encrypted type.

To remain protected against IIS backdoors, organizations are suggested to deploy software program updates in a well timed method, to make use of safety options, evaluate extremely privileged teams, apply the precept of least privilege, prioritize alerts, and frequently examine the config file and bin folder.

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