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Evasive ‘DarkTortilla’ Crypter Delivers RATs, Focused Malware

By Ionut Arghire on August 18, 2022

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Secureworks safety researchers have analyzed ‘DarkTortilla’, a .NET-based crypter used to ship each common malware and focused payloads.

Doubtless energetic since 2015, DarkTortilla was designed to maintain malicious payloads hidden from detection software program, and was beforehand seen delivering distant entry trojans (RATs) and knowledge stealers – AgentTesla, AsyncRat, NanoCore, and RedLine – in addition to focused payloads equivalent to Cobalt Strike and Metasploit.

Extremely configurable and complicated, the crypter can be used for the supply of addons – further payloads, decoy paperwork, and executables – and seems to be very fashionable amongst risk actors, with a median of 93 samples submitted to VirusTotal every week between January 2021 and Could 2022.

Throughout their evaluation of the risk, Secureworks’ researchers have recognized code similarities with a crypter that the RATs Crew risk group used between 2008 and 2011, and similarities with the Gameloader malware seen in 2021.

DarkTortilla, which packs strong anti-analysis and anti-tamper controls, is usually delivered by way of malicious spam, with the noticed emails carrying .dmg, .iso, .img, .tar, or .zip attachments.

The spam emails have been custom-made to match the goal’s language, and the researchers have recognized samples in English, German, Italian, Bulgarian, Romanian, and Spanish.

Malicious paperwork delivering DarkTortilla embed the malware’s preliminary loader as a Packager Shell Object and ask the supposed sufferer to double click on it, or function embedded macros designed to automate the execution of the Packager Shell Object.

The preliminary loader is a .NET-based executable that’s complemented by a .NET-based DLL representing DarkTortilla’s core processor. Whereas the code processor is usually embedded inside the loader’s assets, the researchers have seen it being retrieved from public websites equivalent to Pastebin, Textbin, and Paste.

“The preliminary loader decodes, hundreds, and executes the core processor. When executed, the core processor extracts, decrypts, and parses its configuration. The encrypted configuration is saved inside the .NET assets of the preliminary loader as bitmap photographs,” Secureworks explains.

DarkTortilla’s core processor will be configured to show a faux message field, carry out anti-VM and anti-sandbox checks, obtain persistence, migrate execution to the ‘temp’ folder, course of addon packages, and migrate execution to its set up listing.

Subsequent, it injects its payload inside the context of the configured subprocess, and may implement anti-tamper controls, if configured to stop interference with DarkTortilla’s or the payload’s execution.

Though typically ignored by safety researchers, DarkTortilla ought to be thought of a formidable risk, attributable to its evasion capabilities, configurability, and its use with a variety of common and efficient malware, Secureworks concludes.

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